1. Neurotransmission and Chemical Imbalance: Effects of serotonin deficiency on impulse transmission, impact of MDMA on neurotransmitters, and its relation to depression symptoms.

2. Cardiac Function and Circulation: Role of the sinoatrial node (SAN) in heart rate regulation, pressure changes in the cardiac cycle, and how blood is efficiently pumped into arteries.

3. Respiratory Physiology and Gas Exchange: Oxygen uptake in cystic fibrosis patients, function of spirometers in measuring lung capacity, and calculations related to breathing rate and oxygen consumption.

4. Biochemical Reactions and Energy Storage: Hydrolysis of disaccharides, comparison of maltose and trehalose, enzyme involvement in glucose metabolism, and energy storage in flying insects.

5. Genetics and Inheritance Patterns: Sex determination in mammals and birds, genetic crosses in pigeons, and inheritance differences between species.

6. Muscle Physiology and Contraction Mechanisms: Role of calcium ions in myofibril contraction, muscle response to stimuli, and electrical impulses in nerve function.