1. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Attraction – Explaining how governments use policies to attract FDI and its impact on economic growth.

2. ICT and Globalisation – Assessing the role of information and communication technology in accelerating global interconnectedness.

3. Geopolitical Tensions and Resources – Evaluating the political implications of rising resource demand from emerging global powers.

4. Urban and Rural Deprivation – Analyzing factors contributing to changing levels of deprivation over time in different locations.

5. Quality of Living Environment – Examining variations in living standards within a local area based on socio-economic and environmental factors.

6. Government Influence on Place Development – Evaluating how policy decisions shape the economic and social characteristics of urban and rural areas.