1. Buoyant Force in Fluids – Deriving the upthrust expression for a sphere submerged in a liquid of different density. 2. Polarisation of Light – Determining whether a light source is polarised or unpolarised based on filter rotation. 3. Parallax and Luminosity of Stars – Analyzing how intensity and parallax angle determine the relative distance and brightness of stars. 4. Simple Harmonic Motion and Energy Transfer – Evaluating how kinetic energy varies with displacement in oscillating systems. 5. Radioactive Decay and Half-Life – Calculating the age of a fossil using the decay constant of carbon-14. 6. Astrophysics and Redshift Analysis – Explaining how redshift measurements determine the expansion of the universe and the detection of distant galaxies.