1. Diffraction grating and laser light experiment – Analyzing whether the measured diffraction pattern spacing aligns with theoretical calculations. 2. Internal resistance and power calculations – Evaluating the impact of internal resistance on terminal voltage and power dissipation in electrical circuits. 3. Young’s modulus determination for brass – Using experimental data to calculate the Young modulus of brass and assess measurement accuracy. 4. Oscillatory motion and resonance effects – Investigating how a trolley′s oscillations change with varying driving frequencies in a resonance experiment. 5. Neon lamp and photoelectric effect – Exploring electron transitions in a neon lamp and identifying the metal based on emitted electron energy. 6. Millikan oil drop experiment analysis – Determining whether the measured charge on oil drops aligns with integer multiples of the elementary charge.