1. Isotopes and Atomic Structure – Identification of similarities and differences between isotopes of bromine based on particle composition.
2. Chemical Titration and Hydrated Salts – Calculation of water of crystallization in sodium carbonate using titration data.
3. Intermolecular Forces and Solubility – Explanation of solubility trends in water and organic solvents based on molecular polarity.
4. Periodic Trends in Ionisation Energy – Analysis of ionisation energy variations in Group 6 elements, including sulfur and chlorine.
5. Bonding and Electrical Conductivity – Comparison of bonding structures in graphite and diamond to explain differences in electrical conductivity.
6. Halogen Chemistry and Redox Reactions – Examination of disproportionation reactions of chlorine with sodium hydroxide at different temperatures.
omer uner
Classification: Paper 1
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Last update: 6 months ago
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