1. Carbon and Water Cycles – Role of the buffalo in the carbon cycle, decomposition of organic material, and obtaining freshwater from seawater. 2. Blood and Circulatory System – Structure and function of veins, arteries, and capillaries; impact of exercise on blood pressure; kidney function in blood filtration. 3. Homeostasis and Endocrine System – Role of hormones such as insulin, progesterone, and adrenaline; effects of diabetes on blood glucose levels; thermoregulation mechanisms. 4. Photosynthesis and Plant Adaptations – Adaptations of leaves for photosynthesis, role of vacuoles in algae survival, effect of light intensity on plant growth. 5. Ecosystems and Biodiversity – Measuring biodiversity, impact of reforestation on ecosystems, and environmental effects of human activities such as deforestation and pollution. 6. Respiration and Energy Transfer – Differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, effect of exercise on breathing rate, and investigations into carbon dioxide production during respiration.