1. Vertical motion under gravity: stone projected upwards, return to initial point, total distance in 4 seconds, refinement excluding air resistance 2. Connected particles over pulley: 2m and 5m masses, equations of motion for each mass, conservation of energy, instantaneous rest height of lighter mass 3. Mechanical modeling assumptions: particles, smooth pulley, light inextensible string, neglecting air resistance 4. Model limitations: realism of particle assumption, impact of extensibility on acceleration 5. Combined mechanics coverage: SUVAT equations, Newton′s second law, motion modeling, system equilibrium and dynamics