1. River environments, river discharge definition, drainage basin identification, lag time explanation, human factors affecting hydrological cycle, pollution impact on water quality, floodplain formation, flood prevention scheme analysis

2. Coastal environments, biotic characteristics, biomass definition, sand dune features, coral reef distribution factors, coastal management approaches, coastal flooding causes, spit formation, mangrove ecosystem benefits

3. Hazardous environments, short-term responses, social impacts, magnitude measurement, long-term relief strategies, tropical cyclone risk reasons, earthquake preparation methods, earthquake causes, cyclone hazards and impacts analysis

4. Geographical enquiry, secondary data sources, data accuracy issues, river channel characteristics, sampling methods, field sketch advantages and disadvantages, data collection techniques, river cross-section analysis

5. Physical geography concepts, erosion, deposition, coastal landforms, tectonic hazards, environmental management, resource booklet usage, data interpretation, fieldwork evaluation

6. Examination strategy, structured responses, mark allocation awareness, use of diagrams and figures, clear explanation requirements, geographical terminology precision, effective time management