1. Group 1 metals properties, lithium reaction with water, alkali metals trend, flame test colors, metal hydroxide formation 2. Halogens properties, displacement reactions, reactivity trend, halide solubility, chlorine and bromine reactions 3. Period 3 oxides, acid-base behavior, amphoteric nature, ionic vs covalent oxides, pH of oxide solutions 4. Transition metals characteristics, variable oxidation states, complex ion formation, color in complexes, ligand exchange 5. Redox reactions, disproportionation, oxidizing and reducing agents, electron transfer, redox equations balancing 6. Energetics definitions, enthalpy change types, Hess’s Law application, bond enthalpies, exothermic vs endothermic reactions