1. Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) features: Communication tools, document sharing, collaboration, progress tracking, feedback systems. 2. Plagiarism: Unacknowledged use of someone else’s work, intentional or accidental. 3. OMR usage: Often used in surveys, assessments, quizzes for automated marking. 4. VPN operation: Establishes secure, encrypted connection, allows remote access, masks IP addresses. 5. Cloud-based services impact: Greater access to information, disparities in technology access, widening knowledge gaps. 6. VLE impact on learners: Increased engagement, independent learning, collaborative opportunities, flexible learning.