1. Zaha Hadid architecture—Al-Wakrah stadium design, traditional Qatari boat sails inspiration, retractable roof engineering, solar shielding and cooling efficiency, 40,000-seat World Cup capacity, post-tournament modular seat donation

2. Tunisian media—public opinion formation, online access convenience, neutrality in talk shows, issue highlighting for societal awareness, correction of public perceptions, digital media influence

3. Mauritanian folk music—heritage preservation, cultural resistance to modernization, Arab-Berber-African fusion, music as social function (ceremony, pride, motivation), durability against regional artistic decline

4. Arab identity and pan-Arabism—public opinion survey results, resilience of Arab nationalism, globalization influence, post-Arab Spring unity efforts, shared political slogans, perceived Western obstruction

5. Environmental awareness—growth of NGOs and ministries, pan-Arab environmental forum proposal, citizen responsibility for sustainable development, cross-border ecological collaboration, resource conservation, Arab eco-product market integration

6. Research essay options—respect for elders in youth culture, traditional vs. modern celebration rituals (e.g., henna night), tourism as economic driver, minority rights and equality in Arab nations, research-based argumentative analysis