1. Decline of extended family influence in the Gulf, role of working parents in children′s boredom and insecurity, social bonding through family visits, Emirati family structure shifts

2. Calligraphy as expressive fine art in Bahrain, emotional symbolism in Arabic script, harmony from letter flexibility, historical skill evidence in manuscripts, calligraphy’s adaptability to various media

3. Criticism of presidential elections due to limited candidate credibility, manipulation by ruling authorities, voter mistrust, role of social media in political awareness, demand for civilian rule and economic solutions

4. Egyptian unemployment causes and history, public sector and military employment relief, migration during the 1970s as an external solution, underemployment and misleading statistics, educated unemployment’s societal damage

5. Jordanian littering issue from citizen vs. governmental perspective, civic participation in cleanliness campaigns, waste management infrastructure improvements, recycling project benefits, debate over responsibility for pollution control