1. Cell biology: identification of organelles (nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane), tissue organization into organs, transport processes (diffusion, osmosis, active transport).
2. Digestive system: labeling of structures (oesophagus, stomach, small and large intestines), peristalsis mechanism (bolus, muscles contract, coordination), amylase activity, visking tubing as gut model, sugar and starch tests.
3. Diabetes and BMI: insulin production by pancreas, BMI calculation and category determination, trend between BMI and diabetes risk, dietary recommendations for BMI reduction.
4. Lipid digestion: ethanol emulsion test for lipids, lipase enzyme function, products (fatty acids and glycerol), pH changes with enzyme activity, enzyme denaturation at high temperature.
5. Contraception: comparison of male condom vs. sterilisation (effectiveness, permanence, risks), decision factors (reversibility, protection from STIs, surgical risk).
6. Kidney failure treatments: dialysis vs transplant (cost, availability, lifestyle impact, immune response), excretion role of kidneys, maintenance of fluid balance.