1. Skeletal system and osteoporosis: axial skeleton protection and support, clavicle and scapula labeling, osteoporosis symptoms (fractures, pain, posture loss).
2. Circulatory system: heart chamber and valve function, aorta blood pressure and oxygenation, reasons for transplant rejection, clotting cascade (thrombin-fibrin).
3. Diffusion experiment: SA\\\\:V ratio calculation, color change timing, diffusion definition, temperature effect method, controlled variables, muscle pump in lymphatic return.
4. Capillaries and immunity: tissue fluid vs blood composition, fluid formation via pressure filtration, lymphatic return, antigen-antibody specificity, muscle contraction aid.
5. Respiration and haemoglobin: aerobic respiration equation, ATP breakdown for energy, altitude training increases haemoglobin, graph interpretation, performance enhancement.
6. Stem cells and ethics: iPS cell benefits (self-source, immune acceptance, ethical advantage), treatment risks (cancer, unproven therapy), AMD and vitamin A rice genetic engineering.