1. Drunken Sufism: mystical intoxication (sukr), al-Hallaj, Rumi, contrast with sharia-bound orthodoxy, spiritual symbolism vs legalistic Islam, orthopraxy debate

2. Cosmological vs teleological argument: Islamic kalam (al-Ghazali), necessary being (wājib al-wujūd), Qur’anic references to creation/design, compatibility with Qur’anic worldview, natural theology

3. Jihad and justice: lesser (armed struggle) and greater (spiritual self-discipline) jihad, ethical conduct, Qur’anic injunctions, liberation theology in Islamic context, modern applications

4. Modesty laws (awra): Qur’an and Hadith sources, hijab and gender norms, fiqh across schools, cultural variation, historical evolution, influence of local traditions

5. Core themes: Islamic mysticism vs jurisprudence, classical apologetics, ethics of struggle, gender norms and legal development; emphasis on historical and cultural dynamics

6. 40-mark essay structure; critical evaluation of doctrinal, philosophical, and practical Islamic positions; scriptural, legal, and socio-historical sources required