1. Situation ethics: agape as moral foundation, personalist and relativist stance, Fletcher’s model, critiques of subjectivity and lack of universal principles, practical application

2. Sanctity of life and euthanasia: imago Dei, divine sovereignty over life, intrinsic value vs quality of life, conflicting principles (compassion, autonomy), secular ethical tensions

3. Utilitarianism and sexual ethics: pleasure-maximizing principle, consent and harm avoidance, contrast with religious ethics (natural law), act vs rule utilitarianism, moral permissiveness critique

4. Kantian ethics: categorical imperative, universality and duty, respect for persons, rigid application challenges, contrast with consequentialism, modern moral dilemmas

5. Themes: deontology vs teleology, personal morality vs communal norms, intrinsic vs instrumental value, autonomy, moral absolutism vs relativism

6. 40-mark essays; critical engagement with normative and applied ethics, integration of real-world contexts, philosophical rigor, comparative evaluation essential