1. Socialisation: primary and secondary agents, lifelong process, age-related transitions, role changes (childhood, employment, retirement), Source A emphasis on interaction and norms

2. Values: shared cultural beliefs guiding behavior, examples include honesty, respect, hard work, transmitted through social institutions like family, school, media

3. Hybrid ethnic identities: cultural blending (e.g., British-Asian, Afro-Caribbean), globalisation, diaspora influence, critique from essentialist views of fixed identity

4. Cohabitation: reasons include changing social attitudes, economic practicality, secularisation, delayed marriage; link to modernisation theory

5. Youth subcultures: gender bias in research, masculinity expression through deviance, socialisation, resistance, marginalisation, conflict with dominant culture

6. Media: evolving masculinity portrayals (e.g., nurturing men, emotional expression), upper class representation critique, direct/indirect media influence theories (hypodermic needle, two-step flow)