1. Number and ratio: simplifying ratios, generating combinations, converting units (miles to km, currency exchange), percentage increase, fraction comparisons, recipe scaling, surface area calculations. 2. Algebra: constructing formulas, solving for values using expressions, mapping relationships and algebraic rules, evaluating powers and brackets, calculating means and medians. 3. Geometry: coordinate geometry, constructing perpendicular bisectors and equilateral triangles using compass, area of triangles and circles, applying transformation rules (reflection, translation). 4. Data handling and statistics: interpreting stem-and-leaf diagrams, calculating range and median, comparing statistical data pre- and post-change, evaluating sample conclusions. 5. Probability and logic: identifying event probabilities using simple ratios, calculating fair distributions (e.g. green-red-blue bead probability table), evaluating planet size with unit conversion. 6. Sequences and functions: working with term-to-term rules, calculating earlier or later terms in a sequence using operations.