1. Microorganisms and hygiene—bacteria and fungi spreading through food, hygiene practices (washing, cooking), immune defense (stomach acid, white blood cells) 2. Changes of state—boiling and evaporation as liquid to gas, physical vs chemical change explanation, differences in temperature and process 3. Chemical reactions—evidence of new substances (gas, temperature change), irreversible change, properties of carbon dioxide 4. Forces and gravity—weight vs mass, differences in gravity on Earth and Moon, upward thrust and resistance, speed of takeoff comparison 5. Rocks and fossils—sedimentary and igneous rock identification, fossil formation and distortion, lack of fossils in igneous rocks due to high temperature 6. Electricity in circuits—lamp brightness and series setup, anomalous result identification, need for consistent components, parallel circuit drawing