1. Non-fiction text analysis—identifying verb forms, sentence functions (short sentence effect, use of colon), subheadings, and structural features of reports 2. Text comprehension—life cycle stages, body features, habitat preferences, weather conditions, lighting colors, fact extraction from firefly-related texts 3. Comparative reading—differences between Text A (informative) and Text B (instructional), tone, purpose, and structure 4. Grammar and language usage—passive verb identification, modal verb function, emphatic capitalization, conditional sentence creation 5. Creative writing—informative article about caring for a chosen animal, including instructions, key facts, and paragraph organization 6. Inference and explanation—interpreting author intention, fairness in animal treatment, effects of keeping fireflies in jars, opinion quoting for emotional tone