1. Number operations—addition, subtraction, multiplication (adjusting methods), division by powers of 10, rounding, factors, multiples of 25 2. Fractions and decimals—fraction equivalence, decimal-fraction operations, place value identification, quarter calculations 3. Geometry—angle classification (acute, obtuse), triangle type identification, net of cube, parallel and perpendicular line recognition 4. Measurement—perimeter, time calculation, temperature change, money (cost and change), length measurement with tools 5. Data and logic—completing tables, comparing proportions, interpreting likelihood with probability words 6. Word problems—multi-step reasoning (e.g., oranges distribution, lighthouse flashes), numerical patterns, bracket evaluation, missing number puzzles