1. Flower structure and pollination—male (stamen) and female (carpel) organs, flower part identification, pollinator attraction traits, life cycle sequence
2. Shadows and light—formation and change in size and position, reflection from mirrors, transparent vs opaque material tests, light intensity factors
3. Water cycle and evaporation—evaporation from pure vs sea water, temperature effect, salt raising boiling point, condensation and rainfall process
4. States of matter—melting/freezing points, boiling point increase by solutes, vaporization, solubility concentration and residue measurement
5. Scientific investigation—fair test design, prediction validation, variable control, result recording, data visualization using bar charts and patterns analysis