1. Food chains and life cycles: grass as producer, consumers include grasshopper/mouse/owl, butterfly life stages (egg, caterpillar, chrysalis, butterfly), ruler used to measure caterpillars 2. States of matter and materials: solids (wood, iron), liquids (milk, water), gases (air, oxygen), solid property = fixed shape, magnetism tested with iron, steel, sorting of magnetic vs. non-magnetic materials 3. Forces and measurements: forcemeter measures gravitational force, gravity pulls downward, bar chart to record object weights (apple, shoe, book, bananas, cup) 4. Solar system and Moon: using model to show Moon orbits Earth, Moon phase sequence, Sun object needs correct scale 5. Shadows and light: shadows made when light is blocked by opaque materials, shadows grow larger when object is moved closer to light source 6. Human body and organs: matching organs to function (brain = control, heart = pumps blood, lungs = oxygen, stomach = digestion), fossil impression in rock, fossil as evidence of past life 7. Dissolving and temperature: sugar dissolves faster in higher temperatures, 60°C dissolves fastest, predicted time decreases at 50°C based on pattern