1. Hydrolysis of magnesium chloride, aluminum chloride, and silicon tetrachloride, forming hydroxides and oxides. 2. Chloride ion titration in meat products, mole calculations, and ionic equations for sodium and potassium chlorides. 3. Iodination of benzene, enthalpy change calculation for iodine formation, and oxidation state changes in iodine and nitrogen. 4. Nitrogen oxide catalysis in acid rain formation, with reaction mechanisms and chemical equations. 5. Cu²⁺ electronic configuration, d-orbital splitting, and ammonia’s effect on copper complex color. 6. Curcumin structure, functional group analysis, and reactions with bromine and KMnO₄ for product identification.