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calendar_month Last update: 2026-01-03

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Soil booklet

calendar_month 2026-01-03

visibility 19

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Unit 1: Living things
Unit 2: Sound
Unit 3: Materials in my world
Unit 4: The Earth
Unit 5: Humans
Unit 6: Forces

This Topic is About...

I will learn that the land is made of rocks and soil.
I will find out that soil has living things in it.
I will draw pictures of things we can find in the soil.
I will practise making predictions like a scientist.

Get ready to explore the ground beneath your feet!

Key Words

earthworms
pattern

Tap to Learn the Meanings!

earthworms: Small animals that live in soil and help keep it healthy.
pattern: Something that happens again and again in the same way.

Learning new words helps you understand science better.

Land and Soil

The surface of the land can be made of soil.

Soil Helps Us Grow Food

Food for humans and food for animals grows in soil.

Plants Can Grow in Soil

This plant is growing in soil.

Tiny Rocks in Soil

You can see bits of rock in the soil.

What Soil Is Made Of

Soil is made of bits of rock, living things, and living things that have died.

Finding Soil Underground

You can find soil if you dig a hole.

Soil in a Plant Pot

You can find soil in a plant pot.

Earthworms Help the Soil

Earthworms help to make soil.

What Happens Without Earthworms

Without earthworms there would not be soil.

Soil Helps Living Things

Without soil there would be no plants and no food!

FUN QUESTIONS

1. What colour are earthworms?

Show answer

Earthworms are usually pink, red, or brown in colour. They can look shiny because their skin is wet. Good observing.

2. Look at the pattern on their body. What do you notice?

Show answer

Earthworms have lots of small ring-like sections along their body. This repeating pattern helps them bend and move through the soil. Well spotted.

3. Think of one question you could ask about earthworms.

Show answer

For example, you could ask: “What do earthworms eat?” or “How do earthworms help plants grow?” Asking questions helps scientists learn more.

FUN QUESTIONS

4. What other animals can you see in this picture?

Show answer

You can see earthworms and small insects living in the soil. Some animals are underground where it is dark and damp. Good observing.

5. What plants can you see in this picture?

Show answer

You can see grass and small plants growing above the soil. Their roots grow down into the soil to get water and nutrients. Well done.

Think Like a Scientist

Testing Soil

You will need: two kinds of soil, a magnifying glass, water in two bowls

Investigation:

You are going to investigate two kinds of soil.

Do they look the same?

Do they feel the same?

Predict: will you find rock in the soils?

Method:

Add a little of each soil into each bowl of water.
Stir the water.
Do you see stones and sand? This is rock.
What else can you see in the soil?
Draw what you observe.
What differences have you seen between the soils?

Make sure you wash your hands after touching the soil.

How am I doing?

Tell a friend the words you can use now when you talk about soil.

WHAT WE LEARNED

In this lesson, we learned that land is made of rock and soil, and that soil contains living things. We practised drawing what we find in soil and learned how to make predictions like a scientist. Great work exploring the world beneath your feet!

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